Antiangiogene Ansätze in der Therapie des Ovarialkarzinoms

Zusammenfassung

Patientinnen, die an einem Ovarialkarzinom erkrankt sind, haben trotz verbesserter therapeutischer Maßnahmen eine schlechte Prognose. Die ausreichende Versorgung mit Sauerstoff und Nährstoffen ist für Tumoren wie das Ovarialkarzinom essenziell. Verschiedene Mechanismen, v. a. die Angiogenese, bewirken eine dem Tumorwachstum angemessene Gefäßneubildung, um eine adäquate Versorgung des Tumors zu gewährleisten. Neue Substanzen, welche proangiogene Mediatoren abfangen oder die durch transmembrane Tyrosinkinaserezeptoren vermittelte intrazelluläre Signaltransduktion blockieren, werden zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen, da diese eine gute antitumoröse Aktivität aufweisen. Allerdings muss aufgrund der Wirkmechanismen mit bisher wenig bekannten Nebenwirkungen wie Hypertonie, Proteinurie, Diarrhö, Darmperforationen u. a. gerechnet werden und diese müssen konsekutiv adäquat behandelt werden.

Abstract

Despite promising therapeutic advances in the treatment of patients suffering from ovarian cancer, the prognosis remains poor. A sufficient supply of oxygen and nutrients is crucial for ovarian cancer, which is mainly provided by angiogenesis. The clinical use of new substances which trap proangiogenic substances or inhibit their intracellular transmembrane tyrosine kinase activity will increase as these substances have been shown to exhibit promising anti-tumorous activity. However, these new therapeutic approaches may lead to an increase in side effects such as diarrhea, hypertension, proteinuria, intestinal perforation and others, which are still relatively unknown, and these side effects will require adequate consecutive treatment.

Ovarialkarzinom - antiangiogenetische Substanzen - VEGF - Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren - „small molecules“

ovarian cancer - antiangiogenic substances - VEGF - tyrosine kinase inhibitors - “small molecules”

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